What distinguishes "abuse" from "neglect"?

The distinction between "abuse" and "neglect" is primarily based on the nature of the harm inflicted and the responsibility for care. Abuse encompasses actions that cause harm to a child, which can be physical, emotional, or sexual in nature. It generally involves a deliberate act that leads to injury or suffering. On the other hand, neglect refers to a failure to provide for a child's basic needs, such as food, shelter, medical care, education, and emotional support.

Therefore, the correct answer emphasizes that abuse involves active harm towards a child, while neglect is characterized by a lack of proper care and attention that is necessary for the child's well-being and development. This distinction is crucial for professionals in child welfare, as it helps in identifying the nature of the issues being faced by the child and determining the appropriate intervention strategies. Understanding this difference aids in effectively addressing the respective needs of children who are experiencing either abuse or neglect.