What is circumstantial evidence?

Circumstantial evidence refers to evidence that does not directly prove a fact but instead relies on inference to connect it to a conclusion. This type of evidence requires the observer to make assumptions based on the circumstances surrounding an event or situation. For example, if someone sees a person running away from a crime scene with a gun, that observation alone may not prove the person committed the crime, but it can suggest their involvement when considered alongside other evidence.

In contrast, direct evidence unequivocally establishes a fact, such as a witness testifying they saw the crime occur. Expert evidence involves specialized knowledge, typically provided by professionals whose expertise lends credibility to certain claims, while physical items shown in court, such as weapons or documents, serve as tangible evidence but do not inherently involve inference.

Overall, understanding circumstantial evidence is crucial in various contexts, especially in legal scenarios, because it demonstrates how conclusions can often be drawn from patterns or indirect indicators rather than from straightforward proof.